全文获取类型
收费全文 | 585篇 |
免费 | 49篇 |
国内免费 | 201篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 16篇 |
废物处理 | 7篇 |
环保管理 | 57篇 |
综合类 | 269篇 |
基础理论 | 152篇 |
污染及防治 | 230篇 |
评价与监测 | 93篇 |
社会与环境 | 11篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 16篇 |
2019年 | 15篇 |
2018年 | 14篇 |
2017年 | 25篇 |
2016年 | 29篇 |
2015年 | 18篇 |
2014年 | 33篇 |
2013年 | 170篇 |
2012年 | 46篇 |
2011年 | 56篇 |
2010年 | 43篇 |
2009年 | 36篇 |
2008年 | 37篇 |
2007年 | 39篇 |
2006年 | 41篇 |
2005年 | 40篇 |
2004年 | 26篇 |
2003年 | 18篇 |
2002年 | 13篇 |
2001年 | 15篇 |
2000年 | 20篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有835条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
91.
Ernest Hodgson Arun P. Kulkarni David L. Fabacher Karen M. Robacker 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):723-754
Abstract The induction of drug metabolizing enzymes in mammals is summarized including both enzymes of the cytochrome P‐450‐dependent microsomal mixed function oxidase system and glutathione S‐transferases. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of pesticides as inducers, the early work being summarized while investigations carried out at North Carolina State University are considered in greater detail. Finally, the possible significance of induction is considered. 相似文献
92.
C. A. Bishop N. A. Mahony J. Struger P. Ng K. E. Pettit 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1999,57(1):21-43
Significantly lower anuran species diversity and density was recorded in a vegetable growing area relative to upstream and downstream sites in the Holland River watershed, Ontario, Canada. Egg hatching success and tadpole deformity rates of American toads (Bufo americanus americanus), green frogs (Rana clamitans melanota) and northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) eggs in water from field sites and control water were assessed. Compared to the control and the upstream site, the total abnormality rate (unhatched eggs plus deformed tadpoles) was higher for American toads in water from the agricultural and downstream sites. Total abnormality was higher in green frog eggs in water from the agricultural site and a downstream site. Trace concentrations of organophosphorus pesticides were detected most often in agricultural zone water and sediments than in upstream and downstream sites. Organochlorine pesticide residues, especially in agricultural zone samples, exceeded the no effect level guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. Ammonia, phosphorus, particulates, BOD and TKN were highest in the agricultural zone. Significant correlations between these parameters and anuran development suggest nutrient run-off as a causal or contributing factor in lower anuran diversity, density and reproductive success of American toads and green frogs in the site dominated by agriculture. 相似文献
93.
基于污染指数与ArcGIS的聊城市耕地OCPs污染研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
按8 km×8 km网格将聊城市耕地划分为136个采样点,调查六六六(BHCs)、滴滴涕(DDTs)、艾氏剂、狄氏剂、异狄氏剂、六氯苯和七氯等7种有机氯农药(OCPs)的残留状况。采用单因子污染指数和综合污染指数法进行污染评价,以此判断OCPs的污染程度。对7种OCPs在各样点中的含量进行差异分析,并应用ArcGIS8.3,以污染评价结果为数据支持,进行OCPs污染空间分布研究。结果表明,聊城市OCPs污染程度依次为DDTs>狄氏剂>七氯>艾氏剂>BHCs>异狄氏剂>六氯苯,总体变异程度依次为DDTs>狄氏剂>异狄氏剂>BHCs>七氯>六氯苯>艾氏剂。各OCPs空间分布没有固定的变化趋势;各采样点综合污染水平存在地域差异,以临清市污染最为严重,其他各县市污染较轻。 相似文献
94.
Organochlorine contamination in the Mediterranean coastal environment of Egypt was assessed based on 26 surface sediments samples collected from several locations on the Egyptian coast, including harbors, coastal lakes, bays, and estuaries. The distribution and potential ecological risk of contaminants is described. Organochlorine compounds (OCs) were widely distributed in the coastal environment of Egypt. Concentrations of PCBs, DDTs, and chloropyrifos ranged from 0.29 to 377 ng g−1 dw, 0.07 to 81.5 ng g−1 dw, and below the detection limit (DL) to 288 ng g−1 dw, respectively. Other organochlorinated pesticides (OCP) studied were 1–2 orders of magnitude lower. OCP and PCBs had higher concentrations at Burullus Lake, Abu Qir Bay, Alexandria Eastern Harbor, and El Max Bay compared to other sites. OCP and PCB contamination is higher in the vicinity of possible input sources such as shipping, industrial activities and urban areas. PCB congener profiles indicated they were derived from more than one commercially available mixture. The ratios of commercial chlordane and heptachlor metabolites indicate historical usage; however, DDT and HCHs inputs at several locations appear to be from recent usage. The concentrations of PCBs and DDTs are similar to those observed in sediments from coastal areas of the Mediterranean Sea. Ecotoxicological risk from DDTs and PCBs is greatest in Abu Qir Bay, Alexandria Harbor, and El-Max Bay. 相似文献
95.
Sequestration of organochlorine pesticides in soils of distinct organic carbon content 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhang N Yang Y Tao S Liu Y Shi KL 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(3):700-705
In the present study, five soil samples with organic carbon contents ranging from 0.23% to 7.1% and aged with technical dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) for 15 months were incubated in a sealed chamber to investigate the dynamic changes of the OCP residues. The residues in the soils decreased over the incubation period and finally reached a plateau. Regression analysis showed that degradable fractions of OCPs were negatively correlated with soil organic carbon (SOC) except for α-HCH, while no correlation was found between degradation rate and SOC, which demonstrated that SOC content determines the OCP sequestration fraction in soil. Analysis of the ratio of DDT and its primary metabolites showed that, since it depends on differential sequestration among them, magnitude of (p,p′-DDE + p,p′-DDD)/p,p′-DDT is not a reliable criterion for the identification of new DDT sources. 相似文献
96.
Ana L. de Toffoli Kamilla da Mata Márcia C. Bisinoti 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(11):753-759
A method for the identification and quantification of pesticide residues in water, soil, and sediment samples has been developed, validated, and applied for the analysis of real samples. The specificity was determined by the retention time and the confirmation and quantification of analyte ions. Linearity was demonstrated over the concentration range of 20 to 120 µg L?1, and the correlation coefficients varied between 0.979 and 0.996, depending on the analytes. The recovery rates for all analytes in the studied matrix were between 86% and 112%. The intermediate precision and repeatability were determined at three concentration levels (40, 80, and 120 µg L?1), with the relative standard deviation for the intermediate precision between 1% and 5.3% and the repeatability varying between 2% and 13.4% for individual analytes. The limits of detection and quantification for fipronil, fipronil sulfide, fipronil-sulfone, and fipronil-desulfinyl were 6.2, 3.0, 6.6, and 4.0 ng L?1 and 20.4, 9.0, 21.6, and 13.0 ng L?1, respectively. The method developed was used in water, soil, and sediment samples containing 2.1 mg L?1 and 1.2% and 5.3% of carbon, respectively. The recovery of pesticides in the environmental matrices varied from 88.26 to 109.63% for the lowest fortification level (40 and 100 µg kg?1), from 91.17 to 110.18% for the intermediate level (80 and 200 µg kg?1), and from 89.09 to 109.82% for the highest fortification level (120 and 300 µg kg?1). The relative standard deviation for the recovery of pesticides was under 15%. 相似文献
97.
98.
Endosulfan in China 1—gridded usage inventories 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Jia H Li YF Wang D Cai D Yang M Ma J Hu J 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2009,16(3):295-301
Background, aim, and scope Endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide (OCP), is genotoxic in mammalian cells and generally considered to be toxic and classified
by the World Health Organization and the US Environmental Protection Agency as priority pollutants and a nominator for inclusion
in a future iteration of the persistent organic pollutants treaty. Endosulfan is a currently used pesticide and still being
used worldwide. The general trend of total global endosulfan use has increased continuously since the first year when this
pesticide was applied. It is critical to create national endosulfan usage/emission inventories for China to carry out source–receptor
relation analysis, risk assessment, and other research related to endosulfan in this country. Chinese inventories have been
published for some OCPs, such as technical HCH and lindane, DDT, and chlordane; for endosulfan, however, there has not been
any usage inventory available on any scales (national or provincial), although endosulfan has been widely used since 1994
in this country. This is the first part of the work. The goal of this paper is to quantify the historical production and usage
of endosulfan in China and to compile gridded historical usage inventories of endosulfan for this country. Based on these
usage inventories, emission and residue inventories will be created, which is the goal of the second part of the work.
Materials and methods Due to the lack of national production and usage information of endosulfan in China, a method to estimate the use of endosulfan
was developed. First, information of crops on which endosulfan is applied and average endosulfan use and annual application
frequencies of endosulfan on these crops were collected. Secondly, usage of endosulfan on each crop was estimated using the
national cropland area for each province from Chinese government reports. Finally, with the help of GIS (geographic information
system), the usage data of this insecticide was allocated to a grid system, with a 1/4° longitude by 1/6° latitude resolution,
with a size for each grid cell of approximately 25 km by 25 km.
Results and discussion The use of endosulfan in agriculture in China started on cotton in 1994, and on wheat, tea, tobacco, apples, and other fruits
in 1998. Endosulfan usage on cotton, wheat, tea, tobacco, and apples in China has been estimated to be approximately 25,700 t
between 1994 and 2004. The province with the highest usage of endosulfan is Henan Province, with a total usage reaching 4,000 t,
followed by the uses in Xinjiang Autonomous Region (3,200 t), Shandong Province (3,000 t), Hebei Province (2,100 t), and Anhui
Province (1,900 t). Gridded usage inventories of endosulfan at a 1/4° longitude by 1/6° latitude resolution have been created,
which indicate that the intensive endosulfan use was in the south of Hebei Province, west of Shandong Province, east of Henan
Province, north of Anhui Province, east of Jiangsu Province, and some areas in Yunnan Province and Xinjiang Autonomous Region.
General agreement has been found between the usage data from our estimation and the small amount of usage data published in
China.
Conclusions This is the first national gridded endosulfan usage inventory produced for China. The annual applications of endosulfan from
1994 to 2004 in China were estimated based on the total areas of major crops, on which endosulfan was applied, and spatial
distribution of the application was generated at provincial and prefecture levels. With the help of GIS, endosulfan usage
based on prefecture was transferred to a 1/4° longitude by 1/6° latitude gridding system. The satisfaction of the inventories
was supported by the consistence between the estimation of the annual usage and the reported annual production of endosulfan.
Recommendations and perspectives This gridded endosulfan usage inventory created in this study will be improved upon availability of new information of endosulfan.
The usage inventories can be used to create gridded emission and residue inventories for this insecticide. It is believed
that this work will pave the way for further endosulfan studies in China and beyond. 相似文献
99.
The Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged and Safe multiresidue method (QuEChERS) has been validated for the extraction of 15 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in completely different matrices of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The method employed a rapid, simple and cost-effective procedure. The spiking levels for the recovery experiments were 0.1, 0.5 and 2.0 mg kg−1. Mean recoveries mostly ranged between 76.0% and 114.0% (96.0% on average), and relative standard deviations (RSD) were generally below 10% (4.72% on average). Based on these results, the methodology has been proven to be highly efficient and robust and thus suitable for monitoring the MRL compliance of a wide range of commodity. The contamination status of 15 OCPs on 80 different TCMs marketed in China, and a total of 400 samples were also performed using a previously validated method. 15 OCPs were benzene hexachloride (BHC, including α-BHC, β-BHC, γ-BHC, δ-BHC), hexachlorobenzene, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, aldrin, p, p′-DDE, p, p′-DDD, o, p′-DDT, p, p′-DDT, mirex, endrin, dieldrin. This study indicates that the proposed method is useful for analyzing OCPs in TCM. 相似文献
100.
串联四极杆质谱(GC-QqQ-MS/MS)测定土壤中的有机氯农药和多氯联苯 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
建立了用加速溶剂萃取仪(ASE)萃取、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)净化、气相色谱/串联四极杆质谱多反应监测、同时测定土壤中17种有机氯农药和19种多氯联苯的方法.加标浓度在3.3μg/kg时的平均回收率在79.6%~93.2%之间,相对标准偏差在2.9%~13.0%之间,定量限在0.01~0.51μg/kg之间.在检测土壤样品中的有机氯农药和多氯联苯残留方面,Gc-QqQ-MS/MS相对于气相色谱/电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)和GC-MS的选择离子检测(SIM)模式具有非常明显的优势,尤其是在低浓度水平的定性和定量方面. 相似文献